morgeneier



4 Sheets-Sheefi' i.

' (No' Model.) A R- MORGENEI'ER.

GARVING MACHINE Patented Oct. 30, 1894.

m mums PETERS 60., Pncrauma, wAsHmoTON a c (No Model.) 4 Sheets-.8heet2.

R. MORGENEIER'.

GARVING MACHINE No. 628,331. Patented 0011.30, 1894;.

(No Model.) 4 Sheefi-Sheet 3.

R. MORGENEIERL GABVING MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 30,1894.

THE mums PETERS co '..(No Model.) J; 4 Shets8heet 4.

R. MORGENEIER.

, GARVING MACHINE. D v No. 528,337. I Patented Oqt. 30, 1894.

I mwim am UNIT D STATES PATENT Game.

ROBERT MORGENEIER, OF WINONA, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERI- CANCARVING AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

CARVINGV-JVIIIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 528,337, dated pctober30, 1894.

Application filed April 1', 1893. Serial No. 468.720- (N model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

which the following is a specification.

The subject of this invention is a machine to facilitate and greatlycheapen the produc-" tion of carvings and sculpturings, in wood or toother materials, the machine being employed in conjunction with asuitable pattern and p tum of the poised mass, when put into motion,

moved thereoverby hand.

To the end above named, the preferred formof construction comprises ajointed swinging I frame; a reciprocal and gyratory guide-finger,connected with a reciprocal and revolnble cutter; geared traction spoolsand a projecting spring for moving the guide finger; a stop for limitingthe movement of the guide finger' and tool; mechanism for revolving thecutterand rotating the traction spools; mechanism for holding thepattern and material and for moving or changing the position thereofwhen desired.

2 5 In the drawings, Figure 1 isa side elevation of the machine. line 22of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is afrontview of the machine. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a 0 device forrotating a pattern and material. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the partsshown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is an elevation, partly in vertical section, ofthe guide finger and its controlling mechanism. Fig. 8 is a detail viewof 5 the traction rolls for imparting the gyratory movement to the guidefinger.

The essence of the invention, in this con struction, consists in thatparticular arrangement of mechanism, whereby side-guiding 4o alone, willenable the operator to 1 reproduce quickly and easily all the contoursof an elaborate carving. Machines of this class as heretoforeconstructed are characterized by an arrangement of swingingarmsplac'ed-one 5 over the other, or side by side, the arrangement inall cases being such that when'one of the arms is moved upward, downwardor side wise, the other arm or arms will describe the same motionrjToone of these arms a rigid 5o tracing-point is attached and to the othersre- Fig. 2 is a plan section onvolving cutters and when such a machineis put inoperation the operator moves the tracing-point as well as therevolving cutters upward and downward as well as sidewise. In thismanner the tracing-point will eventually touch all points of the surfaceof the pattern,

the revolving cutter orcutters at the same time working into thematerial more or less, agreeable to such movement. Such arms are usuallycounter-poised, thus requiring addi- 6o tional mechanism, and throwingthe momenrequiring very little hand finishing. The ne- 7o cessity ofimparting all of the motions and controlling the momentum of suchmachines limits their cutting and proper duplicating capacity to a greatextent, ,and damage to pattern and material often results. I overcomethe above objections and at. the a same time arrive at a simplerconstruction by making all motions exceptinga side-guid- I ing oneentirely automatic. In proportion as the motions are reduced the laborof guiding the machine is also reduced. y In the drawings, A is a frameswinging on a shaft 1, the ends of which project into sockets or boxes2, formed on'brackets 3. These brackets are bolted upon a vertical beam4. Upon the shaft 1 is loosely mounted a pulley of two steps 5, 6, andon the same shaft is also loosely mounted a pulley consisting of steps7, 8. On the forward vertical end of piece A are formed lugs 9, 10, 1 1,12, and through Q fthese pass a shaft 13. Upon the shaft 1311 rigidlyheld the swinging piece B, fashi d .into' the two horizontallyprojectingarms B B with hand pieces 15, 15'. The swinging piece A is provided witha hand piece 14.. On 9 5 the shaft 13 are loosely mounted a pulleycomposed of'the steps 16, 17, and a pulley co posed of the steps 18, 19.r 4

It will be seen that the pieces A and B form a jointed swinging frame,movable sidewise I00 only on shafts 1 and 13. By means of the handpieces 14, 15, or by any one of them, this side motion may be readilyeffected.

Mounted on the side arm B are boxes 20, 21, 22, 23, bored to receive andcarry the journaled ends of a pair of V-grooved tractionspools 24, 25.The boxes 20, 22 are adjustable so that the spools may be broughttogether and held at any particular position desired. Upon one end ofthe traction spool journals are carried apair of spur-gears 26, 27,meshing together. A small pulley 28 is also mounted adjacent to gear 27.A belt 29 passes over the pulleys 28 and step 17 of the pulley on shaft13. A belt 30 passes over the step 16 and step 5. A belt 31 passes overthe step 6, and from thence over the pulley of a counter-shaft S. Whensuch counter-shaft is revolved power is transmitted by the belts,pulleys and gears, just described, and causes the traction-spools 24, 25to revolve in the direction indicated by the arrows, Fig. 1, the purposeof which will be hereinafter described.

Placed vertically between the traction spools 24, 25 is a guide fingertube 32. The spools are so adjusted that an almost insensible partialgyration of the tube may take placewhen a slight side pressure isexerted againsta guide finger 33, held in the said tube at its lowerextremity by a compression collar 34. This will be understood byreference to Figs. 7 and 8, wherein the guide finger tube 32 is shown asembraced between the grooved faces of the traction rolls. The upper endof the guide finger tube is confined between the pointed lugs 32, andhence is free to vibrate at its lower end at the point where the guidefinger tube passes between the rolls. It is not so snugly held but thatwhen it engages a projection upon the pattern it may yield slightlythereto, being deflected from its normal position and forced away fromthe face of one roll and into traction contact with the surface ofeither or both rolls; but immediately this occurs the roll against whichit is forced being constantly rotating in a direction to lift the guidefinger, aslight backward movement of such finger will result. Thismovement of the guide finger may be toward either of the rolls at rightangles to their axes, or parallel to such axes and against the fiaredends thereof, or in any direction from the normal position of thetracing point so that these movements may be and fre quently are in thearcs of circles, which are more or less complete depending upon thecharacter of the surface which the guide finger engages,but the tendencyof the traction rolls is at all times to retract the guide finger whileits spring constantly tends to project it. Hence I have employed thewords sensitive guide finger and gyratory guide finger as describingthese movements. Formed on the arm B is a bracket 35, and formed on thebracket 35 is a lug 36 directly over the center of the finger-tube 32.Through a snug fitting bore hole in the lug 36 passes the tube 32 asshown. Centrally over the lug 36 is a lug 37 carrying an adjusting bolt38, the downwardly projecting head of which is counter-sunk to receiveand hold the end of a spiral spring 39, which spring passes into thetube 32 and is seated at its lower end upon a fixed plug in the lowerpart of such finger-tube. The spring 39 is thus compressed between thebolt and the plug in the finger tube 32. The office of the spring is toproject the finger-tube and finger downward and the proper pressure isattained by means of the adjusting bolt 38. On the finger-tube 32 areformed two collars 40, 41, and between these the bifurcated end of alever 42 is held. The lever 42 is pinioned at its center longitudinallyupon the arm 13' bya pivot bolt-43. An adjustable limit lug or stop 74held on the arm B immediately over the rear end of the lever 42 controlsthe distance to which such lever end may rise. The rear end of the lever42 is pivotally connected by a rod 44 with a lever 45, which is pivotedbetween its ends to the arm B A cutter spindle 46 having rigid collars47, 48 and a rigid pulley 49 mounted thereon is held vertically in boxes50, 50', which boxes are mounted upon the side of the arm B as shown.The forward end of the lever 45 is bifurcated and its bifu rcations passsnugly between the collars 47, 48. In the lever 45 are bore holes a, a,a, a.

From the above description itis obvious that if the guide finger 33 andthe tube 32 holding it be raised or lowered, the cutter and spindle 46will describe the same motion and that, on the other hand, if the rod 44be connected with the lever45, at one or the other of the holes a, a, a,a, the cutter spindle will be raised proportionately higher or lowerthan the finger tube, the object of which will be hereinafter explained.

A belt 51 passes over the small cutter-spindle-pulley 49 and step 19. Abelt 52 passes over the steps 18, 7, and a belt 53 passes from acounter-shaft pulley over the step 8. When the counter-shaft is revolvedpower is transmitted by means of the belts and pulleys and the cutterspindle is rotated at high speed.

0, Figs. 1, 3 and 4, is a table frame, placed in the position shown inFig. 1. At its upper end a vertically and longitudinally adjustablepattern holding table 54, (movable longitudidinally in rack ways 55,55') is rigidly held at any desired altitude or length by means ofclamping bolts 56, 56'. The slots 57, 57' in the table allow the same tobe moved lengthwise and the slots 58, 58 in the corner posts of theframe 0 provide room for the bolts 56, 56 when the table is placedhigher or lower in the rack ways.

Under the pattern table 54 is a material holding table 59, constructedmovable and ad j ustable in the same manner as table 54.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate detachable table devices for holding patternsand materials whereon more than one sideis to be acted upon by themachine. The devices consist of a part D which when in use is clamped bymeans of the bolts 60, upon the table top 5 54, and a part E clamped inthe same way upon the lower table 59and vertically under the device D.The parts D and E each consist of a bed 62 provided with side flanges63' and a longitudinal slot 63 formed in its center. A head stock 64 isrigidly mounted upon and at one end of the bed, and a tail stock 65,which is guided by the flanges slides on the bed, and can be fastened atany point thereon, by a clamping bolt. The head stock 64 carries a shaft66. Mounted on shaft 66 is a chuck 67 and at the opposite and outerend-a worm wheel 68. A vertical shaft 69 held in boxes formed in lugs ofthe head stock carries a worm or screw 70, which engages the worm wheel68. Shaft 69 has a telescopic joint 71 whereby it is connected to theshaft, worm wheel and screw of the material holding device E. When thedevices D andE are bolted upon their tables and the shaft 69 is turnedby means of the handle 72 the pattern and the material held in suchdevices will move correspondingly.

When the belts of the machine are set in motion, the traction spools 20,21 will revolve in the direction of the arrows and the cutter 73 willrevolve at high speed. When the hand pieces 14, 15 are grasped, theframes A, B may be moved so that the guide finger 33 and the v cutter 73 will describe curves from right to left or vice versa, or the guidefinger and the cutter maybe caused to move regularly or irregularly inall horizontal directions. Now if a pattern and material have beenplaced as shown in Fig. 1, and the guide. finger and cutter are advancedagainst these respectively, the cutter will remove the materialencountered to a depth regulated by the previous adjustment of the limitlug or step 74. Immediately however when the guide finger is slightlypressed against an elevation of a pattern its almost insensible partialgyration will establish traction contact with one or both of the spools21, 22, whereby the finger will be lifted upward, and the cutterdescribe the same motion. The downward pressure of the spring and theupward traction motion will be perfectly balanced, so that the fingerwill guide upward and downward over undulations upon the slightestpressure and instantly rise to the height of a rectangular projectionwhen the finger encounters such, and increasing pressure causes anincrease of traction power by reason of increased contact.

When adepression in the design occurs traction contact between thespools and finger tubes ceases, whereupon the spring 39 immediatelyprojects the finger and cutter downward. With ordinary care it isimpossible to injure the pattern or tear away parts of the material andeven should the guide finger be advanced quicker than the capacity ofits cutter, both will rise upward and away from the work.

With the machine, pattern and material in position as shown in Fig. 1,one manner of operating is as follows: I move the guide finger andcutter to one corner of the pattern and material. Now with the hand.piece 15 I cause the guide finger and cutter to sweep in constantlyincreasing radii to the right and left diagonally across the face of thework, at the same time moving the arms back by means of the hand piece14. The guide finger and cutter will reciprocate automatically andagreeable to the elevations and depressions of the pattern. After thuspassing over the surface, a fair duplicate will result. I then employ asmaller guide finger and cutter, following the outline until theduplicate has all the detail and finish required.

When it is desired that the duplicate shall be cut deeper than thepattern, I vary the connection of the rod 44 to the lever 45 by means ofone of the perforations a, a, a, a. When a spindle, or other pattern,requiring cutting upon. more than one side, is to be duplicated I employthe devices shown in Figs. 5 and 6, revolving the pattern and thematerial step by step during the process of duplication. Such rotation,after a part of the surface has been worked upon, I effect by turningthe hand piece 72.

In the foregoing I have described a machine provided with a single guidefinger and cutter held in arms arranged one over the other; butI'rdesire it understood that I do not confine myself to the use of asingle guide finger or cutter or a single pair of arms carrying thesame. One guide finger and. a number of arms and cutters arranged oneover the other may be employed, or I may place a number of arms andcutters in the same plane and at one or both sides of the guide finger,properlyconnecting such finger so that it will control the cutters. Thesame may be said in reference to the number or position of the tables,or the number and positions of the holding devices thereon. Instead of acutter, technically so-called, I may employ any tool whereby thecontours of any pattern may be reproduced in the material.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a carving machine, the combination with a frame mounted andconfined to swing in a uniform plane about a fixed axis, of a connectedguide-finger and tool mounted on the frame substantially parallel to,its axis, the guide-finger being normally yieldiugly held in contactwith the pattern and capable of automatic reciprocation whereby to con-ICO IIO

trol the reciprocation of the cutter, substantially as described.

2. In a carving machine, the combination with a frame mounted andconfined to swing in'a uniform plane about a fixed axis, of a connectedguide-finger and tool mounted on the frame substantially parallel to theaxis thereof and capable of automatic reciprocation with referencethereto, the guide-finger being normally yieldingly held in contact withthe pattern and capable of yielding to side pressure, and means forretracting the retracting the guide-finger and thereby reciprocating thetool with reference to the frame, substantially as described.

4. In a carving machine,the combination with swinging frame, of anindependently reciprocal and gyratory guide finger carried by saidframe, and a reciprocal tool connected with and reciprooated by theguide finger, substantially as described.

5. In a carving machine, the combination with swinging frames, of agyratory and reciprocal guide finger carried "by saidframes and arevoluble and reciprocal tool also carried by said frames andreciprocated by the agency of the guide finger, substantially asdescribed.

6. In a carving machine, the combination with swinging frames, of areciprocal and gyratory guide finger and means for projecting andretracting said finger, substantially as described.

7. In a carving machine, the combination with swinging frames and areciprocal and gyratory guide finger, of means for projecting andretracting such finger, a reciprocal and revoluble tool and a connectionbetween said guide finger and tool whereby a reciprocal motion of thefinger may be communicated tothe tool, substantially as described.

8. In a carving machine, the combination with swinging frames, of areciprocal and gyratory guide finger and a reciprocal and revolublecutter carried on such frames, and an adjustable connection between suchfinger and tool, substantially as described.

9. In a carving machine, the combination with swinging frames, of areciprocal and gyratory guide finger and a reciprocal and revolublecutter carried by such frames, an adjustable connection between suchfinger and tool, and an adjustable stop on such frames whereby thereciprocation of such finger and tool may be limited, substantially asdescribed.

10. In a carving machine, the combination with swinging frames, ofgrooved and geared traction spools mounted in bearings thereon, and aguide finger tube arranged between such spools, substantially asdescribed.

11. In a carving machine, the combination with a frame mounted andconfined to swing in a uniform plane about a fixed axis, of a connectedguide finger and tool mounted thereon substantially parallel to the axisthereof and capable of automatic reciprocation with reference thereto,the guide-finger being normally yieldingly held in contactwith thepattern and controlling by its reciprocation the reciprocations of thecutter, and an adjustable stop for regulating the range of thereciprocating movement, substantially as described.

12. In a carving machine, the combination with a frame mounted andconfined to swing in a uniform plane about a fixed axis of aguide-finger and tool mounted thereon substantially parallel to the axisthereof and capable of automatic reciprocation with reference thereto,the guide-finger being normally yieldingly held in contact with thepattern, and a variable connection between the guide-finger and toolwhereby the depth of cut of the tool may be varied, substantially as andfor the purpose described.

ROBERT MORGENEIER.

\Vitnesses:

O. G. LINTHIOUM, N. M. BOND.

